Table 1. Area, total carbon, and mean carbon content of vegetation and soils in major ecosystems of the earth in 1980


Area
(106 ha)
Carbon in vegetation
(1015 g)
Carbon in Soil
(1015 g)
Mean carbon content of vegetation
(Mg C/ha)
Mean carbon content of soil
(Mg C/ha)

Tropical evergreen forest

602

107

62

177

104

Tropical seasonal forest

1,459

169

125

116

86

Temperate evergreen forest

508

81

68

161

134

Temperate decidiuous forest

368

46

49

131

134

Boreal forest

1,166

105

241

90

206

Tropical fallows (shifting cultivation)

227

8

19

38

83

Tropical open forest/woodland

307

15

20

50

64

Tropical grassland and pasture

1,021

17

49

16

48

Temperate woodland

264

7

18

27

69

Temperate grassland and pasture

1,235

9

233

7

169

Tundra and alpine meadow1

800

2

163

3

204

Desert scrub1

1,800

5

104

3

58

Rock, ice, and sand1

2,400

0.2

4

0.1

2

Cultivated temperate zone

751

3

96

4

128

Cultivated tropical zone

655

4

35

7

53

Swamp and marsh1

200

14

145

68

725

TOTAL

13,767

594

1,431


1 From Whittaker and Likens (1973) and Schlesinger (1984).

Adopted from R.A. Houghton, 1995: Changes in the storage of terrestrial carbon since 1850. In Soils and Global Change, R. Lat, I. Kimble, E. Levine, and R.A. Stewart. Lewis Publishers. 440 pp.