Anthropogenic carbon dioxide budget for the anthropocene (1800 to 1994) and for the period 1980 to 1999.

CO2 Sources and Sinks

1800 to 1994

1980 to 1999


Constrained sources and sinks
Emissions from fossil fuel and cement production

244(±20)

117(±5)

Storage in the atmosphere

-165(±4)

-65(±1)

Uptake and storage in the ocean

-118(±19)

-37(±8)


Inferred net terrestrial balance
Net terrestrial balance = [-(1)-(2)-(3)]

39(±28)

-15(±9)


Terrestrial balance
Emissions from land-use change

100 to 180

24(±12)

Terrestrial biosphere sink = [-(1)-(2)-(3)]-(5)

-61 to -141

39(±18)