Examples of Proxy Data

Climates that are reconstructed by means other than instrumental measurements are called paleoclimates. Data used to reconstruct climate variables are called proxy data. Examples of proxy data to be discussed later include:

1. Ratios of oxygen isotopes in air bubbles trapped in ice masses
2. Widths of tree rings
3. Lake levels
   
4. Pollen sediments in lakes, rivers, oceans and coastal areas
5. Pack-rat middens
6. Glacial termini
7. Borehole temperature
8. Coral bleaching
9. Archeological information