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1-6: Nitrogen Cycle, Sulfur Cycle; Tropospheric Ozone

Short Summaries of Recent Research

• Global Warming Causes Soil to Give Up Carbon
  
  
• Nitrogen for Enhanced Biosphere Uptake of CO₂
  
  
• Trees Grow Faster in Cities due to Lower Ozone
  
  
• Biomass Burning Contributes to Stratospheric Sulfate Particles
  
  
• Too Much Nitrogen
  
  
• The Hypoxic Zone in the Gulf of Mexico
  
  
• Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia: Do Iowa Farmers cause the "Dead Zone"?
  
  
• Dead Zone in Gulf of Mexico
  
  
• Global Nitrogen Overload
  
  
• Nitrogen Balance in the Soil
  
  

Websites

• Creeping Dead Zones
  
  
• Current Greenhouse Gas Concentrations
  
  
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
  
  
• Oxygen Depletion in Coastal Waters
  
  
• Cooling Factors
  
  
• Sulfur Pollution from Natural Sources. --Full text paper from NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratories.
  
  

Additional References

• Lelieveld, J. and Co-Authors, 2004: Increasing ozone over the Atlantic Ocean. Science, 304, 1483.
  
  
• Akimoto, H, 2003: Global air quality and pollution. Science, 302, 1716-1719.
  
  
• Raymond, P.A., and J. J. Cole, 2003: Increase in the export of alkalinity from North America's largest river. Science, 301, 88-91.
  
  
• Lackner, K. S., 2003: A guide to CO2 sequestration. Science, 300, 1677-1678.
  
  
• Fuhrman, J.A., and D.G. Capone, 2001: Nifty nanoplankton. Nature, 412, 593-594.
  
  
• Zehr, J. P., J. B. Waterbury, P. J. Turner, J. P. Montoya, E. Omoregie, G. F. Steward, A. Hansen, and D. M. Karl, 2001: Unicellular cyanobacteria fix N2 in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Nature, 412, 635-638.
  
  
• Coolsby, Donald A., 2000: Mississippi Basin nitrogen flux believed to cause Gulf hypoxia. EOS, 81, 321-327.
  
  
• Malakoff, David, 1998: Death by suffocation in the Gulf of Mexico. Science, 281, 190-192.
  
  
• Falkowski, P. G., R. T. Barber, and V. Smetacek, 1998: Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean primary production. Science, 281, 200-206.
  
  
• Jickells, T. D., 1998: Nutrient biogeochemistry of the coastal zone. Science, 281, 217-222.
  
  
• Asner, G. P., T. R. Seastedt, and A. R. Townsend, 1997: The decoupling of terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycles. Bioscience, 47, 226-234.
  
  
• Vaclav, Smil, 1997: Global population and the nitrogen cycle. Sci. Amer., July, 76-81.
  
  
• Houghton, J. T., L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callander N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, 1996: Climate Change 1995. The Science of Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, 86-91.
  
  
• Apel, William A. et al, 1995: Removal of nitrogen oxides from gas streams using biofilteration. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 41, 315-326.
  
  
• Woodbury, P. B., et al., 1994: Chronic ozone exposure alters the growth of leaves, stems, and roots of hybrid Populus. Environmental Pollution, 85, 103-108.
  
  
• Naiman, Robert J., Gilles Pinay, Carol A. Johnson, and John Pastor, 1994: Beaver influences on the long-term biogeochemical characteristics of boreal forest drainage networks. Ecology, 75, 905-921.
  
  
• Carlsson, Andre S., et al., 1994: Effects of moderately enhanced levels of ozone on the acyl lipid composition of leaves of garden pea. Physiologia Plantarum, 91, 754-762.
  
  
• Eckey-Kaltenbach, et al., 1994: Biochemical plant responses to ozone. Plant Physiology, 104, 67-74.
  
  
• Cofer, W. R., 1991: New estimates of nitrous oxide emissions from biomass burning. Nature, 349, 689-691.
  
  
• Houghton, J. T., G. J. Jenkins, and J. J. Ephraums, 1990: Climate Change, The IPCC Scientific Assessment. Cambridge University Press. p 25-30.
  
  
• Houghton, J.T., G.J. Jenkins, J.J. Ephraums eds, 1990: 1990 Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press.
  
  
• Wigley, T.M.L., 1989: Possible climate change due to SO₂ -derived cloud condensation nuclei. Nature, 339, 365-367.
  
  
• Charlson, R. J. et al., 1987: Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, cloud albedo and climate. Nature, 326, 665-661.
  
  
• Keller, M., et al., 1986: Emissions of N₂O, CH₄, and CO₂ from tropical soils. J. Geophys. Res., 91(11), 791-802.
  
  
• Bremner, J. M., et al., 1981: Effect of nitropyrin on emission of nitrous oxide from soil fertilized with anhydrous ammonia. Geophys. Res. Lett., 8(4), 353-356.