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2-4: Enhanced Greenhouse Climate, Transient Climate Simulations

Short Summaries of Recent Research

• A Positive Feedback in the Arctic
  
  
• Impact of Land-Use and Land Cover Change on Future Climate
  
  
• Human Contributions to Climate Change
  
  
• Satellite-derived Measurements Agree with Surface Temperature Trends
  
  
• Warm Waters of the Indian Ocean Lead to Drought in the Sahel Region just South of the Sahara Desert
  
  
• Climate Surprises Triggered by Crossing Thresholds
  
  
• Sea Level Pressure Changes due to Climate Change
  
  
• Excess Greenhouse Gases may be Responsible for Drought
  
  
• Soot Leads to both Warming and Cooling of Regional Climate
  
  
• Global warming is here and we need to do something about it. / En Español
  
  
• State by State Estimates of Climate Change Impacts
  
  
• Warmer than the IPCC
  
  
• Climate Change in Terms of Probabilities
  
  
• Estimating Uncertainty of Future Temperature Rise
  
  
• Uncertainty in Climate Change
  
  

Websites

• Most of Arctic's Near-Surface Permafrost May Thaw by 2010
  
  
• Current Greenhouse Gas Concentrations
  
  
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
  
  
• Current Acacia Projects
  
  

Additional References

• GLACE Team, 2004: Regions of strong coupling between soil moisture and precipitation. Science, 305, 1138-1140.
  
  
• Gao, R.S., 2004: Evidence that nitric acid increases relative humidity in low-temperature cirrus clouds. Science, 303, 516-520.
  
  
• Karl, T.R., and K.E. Trenberth, 2003: Modern global climate change. Science, 302, 1719-1723.
  
  
• Allen, M. R, 2003: Climate forecasting: Possible or probable? Nature, 425, 242.
  
  
• Butler, D., 2003: Heatwave underlines climate-model failure. Nature, 424, 867.
  
  
• Pielke, R.A., Jr., 2001: Room for doubt. Nature, 410, 151.
  
  
• Cox, P. M., R. A. Betts, C. D. Jones, S. A. Spall, and I. J. Totterdell, 2000: Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model. Nature, 408, 184-187.
  
  
• Betts, R. A., 2000: Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface albedo. Nature, 408, 187-190.
  
  
• Stott, P. A., S. F. B. Tett. G. S. Jones, M. R. Allen, J. F. B. Mitchell, and G. J. Jenkins, 2000: External control of 20th century temperatures by natural and anthropogentic forcings. Science, 290, 2133-2137.
  
  
• Takle, Eugene S., 1998: Future Climate Change - Myth or Reality. Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Seed Technology Conference. Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
  
  
• Wigley, T. M. L., R. L. Smith, and B. D. Santer, 1998: Anthropogenic Influence on Global Climate. Science, 282, 1676-1679.
  
  
• Houghton, J. T., L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, 1996: Climate Change 1995. The Science of Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, 289-305.
  
  
• Murray, R. J., Simmonds., I. 1995: Responses of Climate and Cyclones to Reduction in Arctic Winter Sea Ice. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 4791-4806.
  
  
• Watkins, A. B., Simmonds., I. 1995: Sensitivity of Numerical Prognoses to Antarctic Sea Ice Distribution. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 22,681-22,696.
  
  
• Kirshen, P. H., Fennessey, N. M. 1995: Possible Climate Change Impacts on Water Supply of Metropolitan Boston. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 121, 61-69.
  
  
• Gutowski, William J., G. F. McMahon, S. S Schluchter, and P. H. Kirshen. 1994: Effects of Global Warming on Hurricane-Induced Flooding. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 120, 176-185.
  
  
• Meehl, G. A., and W. M. Washington, 1993: South Asian Summer Monsoon Variability in a Model with Doubled Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration. Science, 260, 1101-1106.
  
  
• Houghton, J.T., G.J. Jenkins, J.J. Ephraums, eds, 1990: 1990 Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, 137-172 and 179-193.
  
  
• Rind, D., R. Golberg, and R. Ruedy, 1989: Changes in Climate Variability in the 21st Century. Climate Change, 14, 5-37.
  
  
• Global Mean Reference Height Temperature (K) (Download Adobe Acrobat Reader).
  
  
• Science and Nonscience Concerning Human-Caused Climate Warming
  J. D. Mahlman Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory/ NOAA, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08542
  (Download Adobe Acrobat Reader) .